Ever Wondered Why Numbers on Phones and Calculators are Reversed?

Have you ever noticed that the keypads for calculators and phones are different? Though both keypads have zero at the bottom, the remaining numbers go from bottom to top on the calculator, and top to bottom on the phone. Why is that? Read on to know.

The story begins back in pre-calculator days, when there were mechanical cash registers. These cash registers were designed with 0 at the bottom, and the numbers going up. While making numerous calculations, 0 is the number which is used the most. So it made practical sense to place it below all other numbers so that it is the most accessible. When mechanical calculators made their appearance, they used the same format as cash register with 0 at the bottom and 9 on top.

When hand-held and electronic calculators made their appearance, they implemented the keypad arrangement of the existing calculators–0 at the bottom, 1-2-3 in the next row, 4-5-6 in the next row, and 7-8-9 in the top row, from left to right. So, basically, they evolved from the cash register.

But now comes the big question.

WHEN TELECOM COMPANIES DEVELOPED PHONES, WHY DIDN’T THEY SIMPLY REPLICATE THE CALCULATOR KEYPAD LAYOUT?

Before the touch-tone phone, of course, rotary dials were the rule. The rotary telephone was invention in the early 1900s. Instead of buttons, the numbers on the telephone were holes from 1-9, and then 0. The idea was to stick your finger in the hole and spin it around to dial each number.

With the advent of transistors & circuit design, engineers at the Bell Telephone Company (The Bell System) were planning to develop the new-gen phones in 1960s, by replacing the rotary dial with numerical keypad

Since it was an all-new design, engineers in the Bell team could not come to a consensus on what the keypad layout should be. While some engineers were of the opinion that it should be a 5×2 matrix (5 rows, 2 columns), some thought 3×3 matrix would be fine, while few others thought just replicating the calculator layout would be good enough.

To resolve this, the engineering team conducted an experiments with several kinds of keypad layouts and invited hundreds of people to use them & provide their feedback. The engineers at Bell Labs discovered people were more comfortable with a keypad layout which had 1-2-3 on top. The experiment results were published in their tech journal, an excerpt of which is as follows.

With these experiment results, Bell engineers were not confused anymore, and quickly implemented the design which people preferred, thereby resulting in the keypad layout which is still in use today and has been adapted to cellphones as well, but with a contrasting difference over calculator keypad layout.

8 Thoughts That Keep You From Leaving A Person Who Doesn’t Deserve You!

If you are in a relationship that is unfulfilling or, worse, makes you feel bad about yourself, scared or depressed, you are not alone. Sometimes this relationship pattern is repeated throughout the woman’s life. Here are the thoughts you might hold about yourself that could be keeping you from seeking and allowing a better relationship.

1. Not Beautiful Enough

When you look in the mirror, what do you see? If your first thoughts are criticisms of your appearance, then you probably have a negative view of yourself and perhaps you don’t think you are attractive enough to find the kind of man you really want.

2. Unworthy

If you feel guilt or shame, you will feel unworthy and you won’t allow a better partner into your life. On a subconscious level, you will find ways to sabotage potential relationships with a better partner.

3. Not the Right Social Class

If you grew up poor, a part of you might always feel you are at a lower social class than others who grew up with more money.

4. Cannot Survive on My Own

Some women feel they do not have the skills, strength, education or talent to survive in the world without a partner. This leaves them more vulnerable to staying in a relationship with the wrong man out of fear that they won’t be able to survive if it ends.

5. Love means Putting up with Problems

Many women feel they must put up with problems, even serious ones, because they were taught that they are obligated to do so in a relationship.

6. I am not Important

If you don’t feel like you matter, then you won’t seek the relationship you really deserve.

Vaseline Uses: Unbelievable 18 Ways to Use Vaseline in Less Than 2 Minutes

Vaseline (petroleum jelly) has been around for almost 150 years and is a staple in many households. It is inexpensive and has an infinite number of uses. You might be surprised of all of the things Vaseline can do for you. Discover 18 uses for vaseline you may not have known about below!

1. cracked heels : Put a coat of Vaseline on your feet at night, cover them with socks and wake up to softer feet – every day! This way, you don’t have to be shy every time you go to get a pedicure.

2. Dry cuticles: Put Vaseline on your cuticles several times a day for softer and better looking cuticles every day.

3. Dry skin : Apply some vaseline on your elbows every day – they will stay soft and smooth. No more alligator elbows!

4. Easy nail polishing : Apply Vaseline to your cuticles before polishing your nails to keep color off of the skin around your nails. You’ll get a perfect manicure—minus the cleanup.

5. Remove stains : Vaseline can be used to lift makeup stains from your clothes as well as pillows, blankets, and sheets. With a damp washcloth, rub some vaseline on your clothing and rinse, then watch it disappear.

6. Help your scent stick around: Moisturized skin holds scents better, so rub Vaseline on your pulse points (wrists, neck, elbows, ankles and behind the knees) before spraying your perfume to make the scent last longer.

7. Dry lips: Exfoliate your lips and apply a small amount of vaseline daily to keep them hydrated and from refrying.

8. Exfoliant: Mix a cup of sugar or sea salt with essential oil to vaseline and you’ll have a great exfoliant that moisturizes as well.

9. Growing eyelashes: Add a small amount to your eyelashes with a cotton applicator each night and over time your eyelashes will appear longer and thicker.

10. Aftershave: To calm irritation from shaving or waving, vaseline should be applied in a thin layer over the treated skin.

11. Dandruff: Apply a small amount to massage to your scalp before shampooing. Vaseline will help eliminate skin shedding and itching.

12. Scars: To help diminish the appearance of scars after surgery or injury, apply vaseline daily as it helps regenerate skin cells.

13. Tattoos: Protect your tattoo and help your skin heal by adding a small amount to your tattoo. In addition, vaseline helps your skin preserve the color of your tattoo.

14. Hair dying: Add vaseline along your hair line before you dye your hair to avoid staining your skin.

15. Hide Split Ends: Apply Vaseline to your hair to avoid split ends, you only need to apply a small amount of Vaseline, and only to the tips of your hair. This will lock-in moisture and nourish your hair.

16. Makeup remover: Makeup remover can be expensive and tough on your eyes. Vaseline is an inexpensive option that easily and gently removes eyeliner, mascara, shadow, and even the eyelash glue your falsies leave behind.

17. Leather shine: Scuffed shoes? Buff a little Vaseline onto boots, shoes, bags, and any other leather goods that need polishing.

18. Razor Care : Keep your razors like new by smoothing a very thin layer of Vaseline onto the blades between uses. Make sure they’re completely dry first to prevent rust.